26th North Carolina State Troops, Confederate States Army

©Jeffrey C. Weaver

Organization

The companies which would eventually compose the 26th North Carolina State Troops were recruited shortly after the spring planting for 1861 was done. The men came from the mountains and western piedmont of the Old North State. These men were not recruited for any specific regiment, but rather as independent companies, who were brought to Raleigh to train and prepare for war. While the men were at North Carolina's Camp of Instruction at Camp Crabtree, (later renamed Camp Carolina) three miles from Raleigh, the Confederates fought the Battle of First Manassas on July 21, 1861 and their was concern the war would end in Confederate independence before they could see the elephant. Their fears and hopes were unfounded.

It was at Camp Crabtree that the men first met North Carolina's boy wonder, Henry King Burgwyn, Jr., called Harry. The 18-year old Harry already held the rank of Major in the Confederate Army. Burgwyn was familiar with the basic principles of military operations due to education at the United States Military Academy and the Virginia Military Institute. Burgwyn was very adept at the manual of arms and incurred the anger of many members of the regiment by his heavy handed discipline during the time spent at the Camp of Instruction. John Randolph Lane related his first impressions of Burgwyn:

We [Company G] took the train at Company Shops (now Burlington) for Raleigh; arriving at this place, the company marched out to Camp Crab Tree, a Camp of Instruction, and were assigned our position in camp a little after dark. On the next morning when we awoke, we saw the sentinels at their posts and realized that we were indeed in the war. Immediately after roll call--but there was no roll call in our company--Major H. K. Burgwyn, commander of the Camp of Instruction, sent down to Captain W. S. McLean, demanding the reason for failure to report his company.

Before the excitement occasioned by his messsage had subsided among the commissioned officers, an order came for a corporal and ttwo men to report at once at headquarters. Captain McLean selected Corporal Lane, his lowest subaltern officer, and two of the most soldierly-looking men, S. S. Carter and W. C. Cater, to report to Major Burgwyn.-

Accordingly, these three worthies appeared before the commandant, wondering whether they were going to be promoted, hanged or shot. This was our first sight of the commanding officer, who appeared though young, to be a youth of authority, beautiful and handsome; the flash of his eye and the quickness of his movements betokened his bravery. At first sight I both feared and admired him. He gave us the following order: "Corporal, take these men and thoroughly police this Camp; don't leave a watermelon rind or anything filthy in Camp."

This cheering order completely knocked the starch out of our shirts and helped greatly to settle us down to a soldier's life. The cleanliness of the camp was reported by the officer of the day as being perfect. You may be sure our officers reported the company properly after that.

The ten companies, listed below were formally organized into the 26th North Carolina State Troops on August 27, 1861 at Raleigh, North Carolina. Since no individual had led the organization of the regiment, the men were allowed to choose their colonel. The election came off and Captain Zebulon Baird Vance of Company F, "the Rough and Ready Guards" of 14th North Carolina State Troops was selected. Vance had been a prewar Whig Congressman from Asheville, and was one of the most popular antebellum politicians in the state. Major Burgwyn was chosen lieutenant colonel of the newly formed regiment and Wilkes Volunteers Captain Abner B. Carmichael was elected major. Colonel Vance appointed the remainder of the staff, noted below:

Field and Staff and Band

This regimental sub element was organized on August 27, 1861. Officers originally serving with the field and staff appointed by Colonel Vance when he finally reported for duty. They were:

• Zebulon Baird Vance, Colonel
• Henry King Burgwyn, Jr., Lieutenant Colonel
• Abner B. Carmichael, Major
• James B. Jordan, Assistant Adjutant General
• Joseph J. Young, Assistant Quartermaster
• Robert Golston, Assistant Commissary of Supply
• Dr. Thomas J. Boykin, Surgeon
• Daniel M. Shaw, Assistant Surgeon
• Rev. Robet H. Marsh, Chaplain
• Leonidas L. Polk, Sergeant Major
• Benjamin Hind, Hospital Steward
• E. H. Hornaday, Ordnance Sergeant
• Jesse Ferguson, Commissary Sergeant
• Abram J. Lane, Quartermaster Sergeant

Company A - The Jeff Davis Mountaineers

Company A, Captain Andrew N. McMillan's Company was formed at Jefferson, Ashe County North Carolina on May 17, 1861. The company soon traveled to Raleigh and was designated Company D, 22nd North Carolina State Troops but was withdrawn from that regiment before going into the field. The company was subsequently assigned as Company A of the 26th North Carolina State Troops.

Officers:

• Andrew N. McMillan, Captain
• George R. Reeves, 1st Lieutenant
• Jesse A. Reeves, 2nd Lieutenant
• James Porter, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster-in roll, dated August 31, 1861 when stationed at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861 when stationed at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861 when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862 when stationed in Camp below Kinston, North Carolina.
• January-February, 1864 when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864 when posted in the field.
• September-October, 1864, in the field near Petersburg, Virginia.
• November-December, 1864, in winter quarters near Petersburg, Virginia.
• January-February, 1865 when in the field near Petersburg, Virginia.
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for August, 1864.

Company B - The Waxhaw-Jackson Guards

The Waxhaw-Jackson Guards completed their organization on June 5, 1861 but remained in Union County until July 9, 1861 when they left Monroe for Raleigh. The chose a name which heraled Union County's claim, not widely believed to be the birth place of Andrew Jackson. They perhaps felt the name would inspire them to the same glories they perceived Jackson had in the War of 1812, the Second War for American Independence. The march took the company three days, when they entered the camp of instruction.

Officers:

• J. J. C. Steele, Captain
• William Wilson, 1st Lieutenant
• Taylor G. Cureton, 2nd Lieutenant
• John W. Richardson, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster-in roll, coving the period from August 9 to August 31, 1861, stationed at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861, when stationed at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861, when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862, but its station was not recorded.
• January-February, 1864, when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864, when posted in the field
• September-October, 1864, while serving near Petersburg, Virginia.
• November-December, 1864, when near Petersburg, Virginia.
• January-February, 1865, when near Petersburg, Virginia.
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 4th Quarter, 1863.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 3rd Quarter, 1864.

Company C - The Wilkes Volunteers

The Wilkes Volunteers left their camp at Wilkesboro, North Carolina on July 8, 1861. The march to Raleigh took four days, where they joined the camp of instruction and remained there until August 31.

Officers:

• Abner R. Carmichael, Captain
• Augustus H. Horton, 1st Lieutenant
• Phineas Horton, 2nd Lieutenant
• William W. Hampton, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster-in roll, dated August 31, 1861 when stationed at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861 when stationed at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861 when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862 when stationed near Kinston, North Carolina.
• January-February, 1864 when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864 when posted in the field.
• September-October, 1864 while serving in the field.
• November-December, 1864 when in the field.
• January-February, 1865 but the station was not recorded.
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for August, 1864.

Company D - The Wake Guards

The Wake Guards mustered into Confederate service on July 11, 1861 and initially camped at Holly Springs, North Carolina. The company was shortly thereafter moved to Raleigh's Camp of Instruction and remained there until the regiment moved out for the Carolina coast.

Officers:

• Oscar R. Rand, Captain
• James B. Jordan, 1st Lieutenant
• James T. Adams, 2nd Lieutenant
• James W. Vinson, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster-in roll, coving the period from July 16 to August 31, 1861, stationed at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861 when stationed at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861 when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862, but its station was not recorded.
• January-February, 1864 when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864 when posted in the field.
• September-October, 1864 while serving near Petersburg, Virginia.
• November-December, 1864 when near Petersburg, Virginia.
• January-February, 1865 when near Petersburg, Virginia.
•  
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 4th Quarter, 1863.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the August, 1864.

Company E - The Independent Guards

The Independent Guards were organized on Maay 28, 1861 at Cartersville, Chatham County, North Carolina. The company marched to Camp Carolina, on July 17, where they were instructed in the fine art of warfare and remained there until the company left for the Carolina coast on September 2, 1861.

Officers:

• W. S. Webster, Captain
• William J. Headen, 1st Lieutenant
• Bryant C. Dunlap, 2nd Lieutenant
• S. W. Brewer, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster-in roll, covering the period August 9 to 31, 1861 when stationed at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861 when stationed at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861 when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862 when stationed near Kinston, North Carolina.
• May-June, 1862 when stationed at Camp Johnston, North Carolina.
• January-February, 1864 when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864 when posted in the field near Petersburg, Virginia.
• September-October, 1864 while stationed near Petersburg, Virginia.
• November-December, 1864 when posted near Petersburg, Virginia.
• January-February, 1865 but the stationed near Petersburg, Virginia.
•  
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 4th Quarter, 1863
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 3rd Quarter, 1864.

Company F - The Hibriten Guards

This company was organized at Lenoir, Caldwell County, North Carolina. The Hibriten Guards entrained on July 31 and arrived in Raleigh on the next day. The company remained at Camp Crabtree until the regiment was reassigned to the Bouge Banks.

Officers:

• Nathaniel P. Rankin, Captain
• Joseph R. Ballew, 1st Lieutenant
• John B. Holloway, 2nd Lieutenant
• Alfred T. Stewart, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster-in roll, covering the period August 12 to 31, 1861 when stationed at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861 when stationed at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861 when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862 when stationed near Kinston, North Carolina.
• A bounty roll, dated April 18, 1862, station not stated.
• January-February, 1864 when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864, when camped in the field.
• September-October, 1864, stationed "on the line near Petersburg, Virginia."
• November-December, 1864, posted in the field near Petersburg, Virginia.
• January-February, 1865, stationed in the field near Petersburg, Virginia.
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 4th Quarter, 1863
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 3rd Quarter, 1864.

Company G - The Chatham Boys

The Chatham Boys were organized at Matthews, Chatham County, North Carolina on June 21, 1861. The company remained camped at Matthews for four weeks and left for Camp Crabtree on August 7 and arrived there on the 11th.

Officers:

• William S. McLean, Captain
• John E. Matthews, 1st Lieutenant
• George C. Underwood, 2nd Lieutenant
• Henry C. Albright, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster-in roll, covering the period August 12 to 31, 1861 when stationed at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861 when stationed at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861 when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862 when stationed near Kinston, North Carolina.
• A bounty roll, dated April 18, 1862, station not stated.
• January-February, 1864 when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864, when camped in the field.
• September-October, 1864 while stationed near Petersburg, Virginia.
• November-December, 1864 when posted near Petersburg, Virginia.
• January-February, 1865 but the stationed near Petersburg, Virginia.
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 4th Quarter, 1863
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.

Company H - The Moore Independents

The Moore Independents were organized at Carthage, North Carolina on May 13, 1861. On June 3, this company marched to Garysburg, North Carolina and remained there until August 6 when moved to Weldon, North Carolina. On August 16 the company was relocated to Camp Crabtree, where it remained until ordered to the coast.

Officers:

• William P. Martin, Captain
• Clement Dowd, 1st Lieutenant
• James D. McIver, 2nd Lieutenant
• Robert W. Goldston, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster-in roll, covering the period August 26 to 31, 1861 when located at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861 when posted at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861 when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862 when camped near Kinston, North Carolina.
• January-February, 1864 when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864, stationed in the field.
• September-October, 1864 while stationed near Petersburg, Virginia.
• November-December, 1864 when posted near Petersburg, Virginia.
• January-February, 1865 but the stationed near Petersburg, Virginia.
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 4th Quarter, 1863
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.

Company I - The Caldwell Guards

The Caldwell Guards enlisted for 12 months, and was accepted into Confederate service on July 26, 1861. They left Lenoir on August 1 and upon reaching Raleigh joined their future comrades at Camp Carolina.

Officers:

• Wilson S. White, Captain
• John Carson, 1st Lieutenant
• John T. Jones, 2nd Lieutenant
• Milton P. Blair, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster-in roll, dated April 17, 1862.
• A muster roll, covering the period August 26 to 31, 1861 when located at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861 when posted at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861 when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862, stationed at Camp Southwest, Kinston, North Carolina.
• January-February, 1864 when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864, stationed in the field.
• September-October, 1864 while stationed near Petersburg, Virginia.
• November-December, 1864 when posted near Petersburg, Virginia.
• January-February, 1865 but the stationed near Petersburg, Virginia.
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 4th Quarter, 1863
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.

Company K - The Pee Dee Wildcats

This company was organized in Anson County, North Carolina. The Wildcats left Wadesboro on August 20, 1861 and reached Raleigh on August 22 and joined the regiment in the process of forming at Camp Carolina.

Officers:

• James C. Carraway, Captain
• James S. Kendall, 1st Lieutenant
• John C. McLauchlin, 2nd Lieutenant
• William C. Boggan, Junior 2nd Lieutenant

Extant muster rolls cover the periods:

• A muster roll, covering the period August 26 to 31, 1861 when stationed at Camp Carolina.
• September-October, 1861 when stationed at Camp Wilks, North Carolina.
• November-December, 1861 when posted at Camp Vance, North Carolina.
• January-February, 1862 when stationed at Camp Branch, North Carolina.
• March-April, 1862 when camped near Kinston, North Carolina.
• A bounty roll, dated April 18, 1862, station not stated.
• January-February, 1864 when stationed in the field.
• May-June, 1864, when camped in the field.
• September-October, 1864, camped "in the field" near Petersburg, Virginia."
• Novembe-December, 1864, in the field near Petersburg, Virginia.
• January-February, 1865, stationed in the field near Petersburg, Virginia.
• Other rolls fill-in details not covered by muster rolls include:
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1863.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 4th Quarter, 1863
• A clothing receipt roll for the 1st Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the 2nd Quarter, 1864.
• A clothing receipt roll for the August, 1864.

Perhaps the most distinguished regiment in the Confederate Army, the 26th North Carolina was organized in Raleigh, North Carolina in the late summer of 1861. It served on the coast of North Carolina until mid-1862, when sent to Richmond to assist in repelling General McClellan in the peninsular campaign of 1862. After spending the summer in Virginia, it returned to eastern North Carolina in the fall and remained there until ordered north to join General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia and the invasion of Pennsylvania.

While the regiment had fought at New Bern in March 1862 and around Richmond in June and July 1862 and in minor skirmishes in the fall of 1862, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania was the first major test for the regiment, led by Colonel Henry King Burgwyn, Jr., one of the youngest regimental commanders in the Southern army. The regiment's performance at Gettysburg was enough to guarantee their place in history, sustaining more casualties than any other unit of the size on the field.

After a period when the regiment feared it would be consolidated or disbanded due to its losses at Gettysburg, it successfully reorganized itself, and by mid-1864, was again the largest regiment in the Army of Northern Virginia. It fought gallantly at the Wilderness, Spotsylvania Court House, Cold Harbor and in the Petersburg siege.

The remnant of the once proud regiment surrendered at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865 with 130 men.

Advance to:

26th North Carolina Infantry Regiment

26th North Carolina Infantry Regiment: Statistics

26th North Carolina Infantry Regiment: Battles and Casualties

Brigade, Division, Corps, and Army Assignments for 26th North Carolina Infantry Regiment

26th North Carolina Infantry Regiment: Letters, Newspaper Articles, Papers, Diaries, Memoirs

Bibliography

Manuscripts

Pettigrew Papers, North Carolina State Archives, private papers collection #13, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Vance, Zebulon Baird Papers, North Carolina Archives, private papers collection #15, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Albright, Henry Clay Papers, Captain Co. G, 26th North Carolina State Troops, North Carolina State Archives, private papers collection #267, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Pearsall, George W. Letters (Co. G, 55th North Carolina State Troops), North Carolina State Archives, private papers collection #832, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Perrett, Thomas Letter, North Carolina State Archives, private papers collection #837, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Blair Family Letter, North Carolina State Archives, private papers collection #1206, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Clark, Henry Toole. Governor's Papers, North Carolina Department of Archives and History, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Wright, John Family Papers, North Carolina State Archives, private papers collection #1594, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Cole, Richard A. Papers, North Carolina State Archives, private papers collection #1609, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Lane, John Randolph Papers, The Southern Historical Collection, Manuscript collection #411, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Burgwyn Family Papers, The Southern Historical Collection, Manuscript collection #1687, includes letters and a daily diary prepared by Henry King Burgwyn, Jr. The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Jones, Edmund Walter Papers, The Southern Historical Collection, Manuscript collection #3543, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Polk, Leonidas Lafayette Papers. The Southern Historical Collection, Manuscript collection #3708, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Linebach, Julius A. "Extracts from a Civil War Diary," Published in the Winston-Salem Sentinel, 1914-5, Southern Historical Collection, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Heth, Henry Papers, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia.

Public Documents

Inspection Reports, Army of Northern Virginia, 1864-1865. Record Group 109, Microcopy 835, rolls

Letters Received, Adjutant and Inspector General's Office, Letters, Record Group 109, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC.

Pension Records of Confederates in the Commonwealth of Kentucky, filed under the act of 1912, Kentucky Department of Libraries and Archives, Frankfort, Kentucky.

Periodicals

Published Sources

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Blackmun, Ora. Western North Carolina Its Mountains and Its People to 1880, Appalachian Consortium Press, Boone, North Carolina, 1977.

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